In the realm of storytelling and mythology, the idea of archetypes—universal symbols and roles that recur across cultures and time—has long fascinated thinkers and creators alike. Many of us are familiar with the hero’s journey and the archetypal figures that populate these epic tales. However, there’s a lesser-known but equally compelling concept that has recently captured my attention: the archetype of the Three Goddesses. This is a fascinating framework that not only resonates on a deep, almost instinctual level but also provides profound insights into the nature of womanhood, particularly in the context of today’s rapidly evolving cultural and technological landscapes.

I first encountered the concept of the Three Goddesses on Jordan Peterson’s podcast, where feminist thinker Mary Harrington discussed these powerful archetypes. Harrington introduced the idea of the triple goddess—comprising the Maiden, the Mother, and the Matriarch (or Crone). These figures symbolize different stages of a woman’s life, each embodying distinct qualities and wisdom. As soon as I heard Harrington’s description, it struck me as something both intuitively right and deeply relevant to the conversations I’ve been engaging with on this blog.

What intrigued me most about this concept is its relevance in today’s debates on transhumanism and gender identity. As discussions about transhumanism challenge our understanding of what it means to be human, and the trans movement brings new perspectives on what it means to be a woman, the archetype of the Three Goddesses offers a framework for exploring these complex questions. It touches on many of the themes I’ve been thinking about: the essence of identity, the role of technology in shaping our lives, and the enduring power of myth in helping us navigate these challenges.

In this post, I’ll delve into the archetype of the Three Goddesses, exploring each of these figures—the Maiden, the Mother, and the Matriarch—and considering what they represent not just in mythology, but in our modern world. By understanding these archetypes, we can gain deeper insights into the evolving nature of womanhood and the broader human experience in an age of unprecedented change.

Male-Centric Archetypes in the Hero’s Journey: A Traditional Framework

Let me begin by exploring the well-known and, let’s be honest, male-centric archetypes that Joseph Campbell popularized through his concept of the Hero’s Journey. This framework has been incredibly influential in storytelling, shaping everything from ancient myths to modern blockbuster films. While it provides a powerful narrative structure, it’s important to recognize that it centers primarily on a male experience of growth, challenge, and transformation. Let’s break down some of these key archetypes:

The Hero: At the heart of the Hero’s Journey is the Hero himself—the central character who embarks on a transformative adventure. This figure is often male, representing the archetypal “everyman” who steps out of the ordinary world, confronts trials, and ultimately emerges as a changed individual. The Hero’s journey is one of personal growth, but it’s also traditionally seen through a masculine lens, focusing on outward action, conquest, and individual achievement.

The Mentor: This wise figure provides the Hero with guidance, wisdom, and sometimes magical assistance. Characters like Merlin in Arthurian legends or Obi-Wan Kenobi in Star Wars are classic examples. The Mentor is often an older male who helps the Hero navigate the challenges ahead, offering the knowledge that the Hero lacks. This archetype reinforces the idea of a hierarchical, often patriarchal, transfer of wisdom from an older, experienced male to a younger, less experienced one.

The Threshold Guardian: These characters or obstacles serve to test the Hero’s resolve and commitment to their journey. They represent the barriers the Hero must overcome to prove their worthiness. In traditional stories, these guardians are often portrayed as gatekeepers to deeper knowledge or greater power, and overcoming them is a testament to the Hero’s growing strength.

The Herald: The Herald is the character or event that issues the call to adventure, prompting the Hero to leave the familiar and venture into the unknown. This figure sets the narrative in motion, often appearing at the beginning of the story to challenge the Hero’s status quo. The Herald’s role is crucial, as it marks the moment when the Hero must decide whether to embrace or refuse the call.

The Shapeshifter: A character whose motives and loyalties are uncertain, creating suspense and intrigue in the story. The Shapeshifter often challenges the Hero’s perceptions, causing them to question what they know and who they can trust. This archetype adds complexity to the narrative, introducing elements of deception and ambiguity.

The Shadow: The primary antagonist or force of evil that the Hero must confront and overcome. The Shadow represents the dark side, the fears, and the inner demons that the Hero must face. This archetype is essential in defining the stakes of the Hero’s journey and serves as a catalyst for the Hero’s ultimate transformation.

The Allies: Friends and companions who assist the Hero on their journey. These characters provide support, whether through skills, companionship, or moral guidance. The Allies help the Hero face challenges and serve as a reminder that even the most solitary journeys require community and connection.

The Trickster: A character who brings humor, chaos, and challenges the status quo. The Trickster often causes trouble for the Hero, sometimes intentionally, sometimes inadvertently. This archetype introduces elements of unpredictability and can lead to moments of comic relief or critical turning points in the narrative.

The Gendered Nature of the Hero’s Journey

While these archetypes have been incredibly effective in shaping narratives, they inherently reflect a male-oriented perspective on life and growth. The Hero’s Journey, with its focus on adventure, external conflict, and personal conquest, resonates deeply with traditional masculine ideals. The archetypal roles often assigned to women in these stories—such as the damsel in distress, the nurturing mother, or the passive love interest—are limited and fail to capture the complexity of female experience.

As I delve into the concept of the Three Goddesses, it’s clear that this framework offers an alternative set of archetypes that speak more directly to the female experience. The Maiden, the Mother, and the Matriarch (or Crone) provide a different lens through which to view the stages of life, emphasizing themes of growth, nurturing, and wisdom in a way that is more aligned with feminine perspectives. In exploring these archetypes, we can broaden our understanding of what it means to be a hero—not just in the traditional, male-centric sense, but in ways that encompass the full spectrum of human experience.

The Triple Goddess: An Archetype of Feminine Power and Life Stages

Mary Harrington’s discussion of the archetype of the Triple Goddess introduces a fascinating lens through which to explore the complexities of womanhood. Unlike the male-centric archetypes that dominate the Hero’s Journey, the Triple Goddess offers a nuanced, female-centered perspective on the stages of life and the power inherent in each. This concept, deeply rooted in mythology, religion, and psychology, provides a tripartite model of feminine power, represented by the Maiden, the Mother, and the Matriarch. These three figures symbolize the different phases of a woman’s life, as well as broader themes of femininity, fertility, wisdom, and the cyclical nature of existence.

1. The Maiden

Symbolism: The Maiden embodies youth, purity, and the boundless potential of new beginnings. She is often associated with the energy and innocence of youth, symbolizing the dawn of life and the promise of what is yet to come. The Maiden represents a time of exploration, freedom, and the excitement of discovery.

Attributes: This archetype is characterized by qualities such as curiosity, independence, and a spirit of adventure. The Maiden is not just a figure of virginity in the literal sense, but also a symbol of untapped potential and the pursuit of personal identity. She represents the phase in life when one is just beginning to understand and assert oneself in the world.

Mythological Examples: In Greek mythology, Persephone before her abduction by Hades is an embodiment of the Maiden—innocent and untouched by the darker aspects of life. Similarly, in Celtic mythology, the goddess Brigid, associated with spring and renewal, reflects the Maiden’s qualities of vitality and potential.

2. The Mother

Symbolism: The Mother archetype is the epitome of fertility, nurturing, and abundance. She represents creation, growth, and sustenance, often associated with the earth and the nurturing aspects of nature. The Mother is the giver of life, not just in a biological sense, but also in terms of providing support, care, and unconditional love.

Attributes: The Mother embodies qualities such as compassion, patience, and a deep sense of responsibility for others. She is the protector, the provider, and the nurturer. The Mother’s role is central to the survival and well-being of others, whether it be her children, her community, or the natural world around her.

Mythological Examples: Demeter, the Greek goddess of the harvest, is a classic representation of the Mother archetype. Her connection to the earth and the cycles of nature underscores the role of the Mother as a source of life and sustenance. In Norse mythology, Frigg, the wife of Odin, embodies the qualities of motherhood, domesticity, and protective love.

3. The Matriarch or Crone (think of your grandmother)

Symbolism: The Matriarch represents the wisdom, experience, and the final stage of life. She is often associated with the end of the life cycle, death, and transformation. The Matriarch is a symbol of deep, intuitive knowledge that comes with age and experience, and she embodies the wisdom that is gained through living and enduring life’s challenges.

Attributes: The Matriarch is characterized by insight, foresight, and a certain detachment from the material world. She is often seen as a guide, helping others navigate the transitions of life with the wisdom she has accumulated. She has been there and she has done it. The Matriarch is also connected to the mysteries of life and death, acting as a bridge between the known and the unknown.

Mythological Examples: Hecate, the Greek goddess of witchcraft and the crossroads, is frequently depicted as a Crone. She embodies the wisdom and power of the Matriarch, guiding others through the transitions of life and death. In Celtic mythology, the goddess Cerridwen, associated with wisdom and rebirth, also embodies the Crone archetype, representing the cycle of death and renewal.

Cultural and Psychological Interpretation

The archetype of the Triple Goddess is not only a powerful symbol in mythology and religion but also a significant concept in psychology. Carl Jung’s work on archetypes, particularly the “Anima” and the “Great Mother,” touches on themes represented by the Maiden, Mother, and Matriarch. These figures can be understood as psychological archetypes that reflect different aspects of the feminine psyche, representing the stages of psychological development that women (and men) might experience throughout their lives.

In various cultures, including Indo-European, Celtic, and Hindu traditions, these archetypes are prevalent, reflecting the cyclical nature of life and the changing roles women play in society. The Triple Goddess serves as a reminder that each phase of life—whether it be the vibrant energy of youth, the nurturing power of motherhood, or the wisdom of age—holds its own unique value and power.

As we continue to navigate discussions about gender, identity, and what it means to be human in an age of rapid technological change, the archetype of the Triple Goddess offers a deeply resonant and holistic framework for understanding the feminine experience. It challenges us to appreciate the full spectrum of womanhood, not just through the lens of external achievement or societal roles, but as an embodiment of the life cycle itself.

The Philosophical Dimensions of the Three Goddesses

From a philosophical standpoint, the concept of the Three Goddesses—the Maiden, the Mother, and the Matriarch—can be understood as representing the essential stages of a woman’s life or the different roles she may play in society. Each of these roles carries its own unique challenges and rewards, reflecting the multifaceted nature of femininity. Mary Harrington, in her exploration of these archetypes, delves into the idea that these stages are not merely social constructs but are deeply rooted in the realities of biological sex—a concept she argues is central to understanding what it means to be a woman.

Harrington’s perspective is grounded in the philosophy that femininity, or the telos (purpose) of womanhood, is intrinsically linked to biological realities. This viewpoint suggests that the roles embodied by the Three Goddesses are not arbitrary but are reflective of the natural design of women. Whether one approaches this design from the perspective of intelligent design, where a theistic worldview might argue that women are “designed” for these roles, or from an evolutionary standpoint, where biologists like Matt Ridley in The Red Queen: Sex and the Evolution of Human Nature discuss the evolved functions of biological sex, there is a surprising convergence of ideas. Both camps acknowledge that the realities of biological sex are fundamental and cannot be dismissed.

The archetypes of the Three Goddesses—representing youth and potential (the Maiden), fertility and nurturing (the Mother), and wisdom and transformation (the Matriarch/Crone)—are deeply tied to the biological and psychological experiences of women. These roles, while symbolic, are also indispensable for the continuation and nurturing of humanity. The Maiden symbolizes the beginning of life, full of potential and the promise of the future. The Mother represents the sustenance and growth of life, embodying the nurturing and protective aspects of femininity. The Matriarch, often associated with the latter stages of life, carries the wisdom that comes from a lifetime of experiences, offering guidance and insight that are crucial for the survival of communities and the passing on of knowledge.

Philosophically, the essence of what it means to be a woman can indeed be distilled into these three archetypes. They represent foundational aspects of femininity that are central to human identity and society. While it is important to recognize that women can and do take on roles beyond these archetypes—roles that may not fit neatly into the categories of Maiden, Mother, or Matriarch—the significance of these three roles remains undeniable. They are deeply embedded in the fabric of human life, particularly in the areas of reproduction and nurturing, and are crucial for the survival and flourishing of humanity.

Moreover, these archetypes should be celebrated as essential elements of the feminine experience. They are not constraints but expressions of the natural, biological, and psychological realities that shape what it means to be a woman. Whether viewed through the lens of philosophy, biology, or mythology, the Three Goddesses offer a profound understanding of womanhood that acknowledges both its challenges and its unique power.

While there may be other roles and identities that women embrace, the Maiden, the Mother, and the Matriarch stand as foundational archetypes that speak to the core of the feminine experience. These roles are not just symbolic; they are deeply rooted in the biological and existential realities that define what it means to be a woman. As such, they form an essential part of the philosophical understanding of womanhood, reminding us that the essence of being a woman is both complex and deeply connected to the natural world.

The Current Political Climate: A Hot-Button Issue

Here’s where the friction comes in. In today’s political and social landscape, the notion that gender is merely a social construct with no basis in biology directly challenges the uniqueness of women, the insights of evolutionary science, and any potential purposes that a Creator might have had in mind. Yet, despite these deep and complex issues, we’re often told that we must accept this new understanding of gender without question. To dissent is to risk being labeled a bigot, and in the current climate, that label is tantamount to social ostracism. As crazy as it might sound, this is the rationale of the most vocal trans activists today.

The archetype of the Three Goddesses, while it can be viewed as a set of social roles, is also deeply rooted in biological realities. Theists might argue that gender roles are necessary because they derive from a telos—a purpose or design inherent in being created. These roles, according to this view, are not arbitrary but are designed to guide and shape social roles. On the other hand, atheists who support a strong physicalist (materialist) perspective might see these roles as emerging from biological imperatives. According to this view, all behavior, including gendered behavior, is based on biology, which has adapted over time to enhance reproductive success.

In both cases—whether from a theistic or atheistic perspective—the social roles represented by the Three Goddesses are not merely human constructs; they are deeply rooted in biological reality. Men and women are different, and those differences are both significant and valuable. Rather than seeing these differences as a source of division or inequality, they should be understood and appreciated as complementary. This view asserts that acknowledging and embracing these differences is not only rational but essential for a healthy society.

However, within the framework of identity politics, this perspective has become increasingly contentious. In today’s discourse, where any deviation from the accepted narrative can be branded as transphobic, meaningful discussions about the nature of gender and its connection to biology are often shut down. The space for feminist discourse has become narrower, constrained by the idea that there is no such thing as the essence of a woman—everything is seen as subjective. Each individual’s subjective experience and identity are considered sacrosanct and beyond critique, which leaves little room for a conversation about the broader, shared realities that have historically defined womanhood.

This is unfortunate, as it undermines the ability to discuss and appreciate the distinctiveness of femininity as represented by the Three Goddesses. By rejecting the idea of an objective essence of womanhood, we lose a crucial part of what makes gender meaningful and important in our lives and in society. The inability to engage in these discussions without fear of reprisal is not just a loss for feminism, but a loss for our collective understanding of what it means to be human.

Diverging Feminist Perspectives: The Debate Over the Three Goddesses

It’s important to recognize that not all feminists agree with Mary Harrington’s perspective on womanhood, particularly her holistic view that embraces the full spectrum of the Maiden, the Mother, and the Matriarch (Crone) archetypes. Harrington’s approach acknowledges the value and significance of each phase of a woman’s life, arguing that these stages are not only natural but integral to a complete understanding of femininity. However, this view has sparked debate within the feminist community.

One particularly interesting point that Harrington raises is that some feminists—especially those with more progressive or radical leanings—seem to prioritize the Maiden phase, often at the expense of recognizing the importance of the Mother and Matriarch roles. These feminists, according to Harrington, view the Maiden’s phase of life as the epitome of freedom and empowerment, where youth, independence, and personal exploration are celebrated as the highest achievements of womanhood.

This focus on the Maiden as the ideal phase can, however, be seen as demeaning to those who embrace the roles of Mother and Matriarch. By elevating the Maiden above the other archetypes, this perspective risks marginalizing the experiences of women who find their identity, fulfillment, and power in motherhood or in the wisdom and authority of the Matriarch. Harrington suggests that this narrow focus undermines the dignity and value of women who have moved beyond the Maiden phase, implying that their contributions are somehow less significant or desirable.

Harrington’s critique highlights a key tension within modern feminism: the challenge of honoring the diversity of women’s experiences and life stages. While some feminists may champion the freedom and autonomy associated with the Maiden, Harrington argues for a more inclusive understanding that equally validates the roles of Mother and Matriarch. All three phases, she contends, are vital to what it means to be a woman, and each brings its own unique strengths, challenges, and rewards.

By acknowledging the full spectrum of the Three Goddesses, Harrington emphasizes that no single phase of life should be seen as superior to the others. The Maiden, with her youthful vigor and independence, is just as important as the Mother, who nurtures life and provides care, and the Matriarch, who offers wisdom and guidance. Each role has its own inherent dignity, and no woman should feel pressured to conform to a singular ideal of womanhood.

This holistic view challenges the notion that the Maiden’s freedom is the ultimate goal for women. Instead, it calls for a broader recognition of the diverse ways in which women can express their femininity and find fulfillment. By doing so, it preserves the dignity and validity of all women, whether they identify most closely with the Maiden, the Mother, or the Matriarch.

Conclusion: The Need for Respectful Dialogue in a Complex Debate

I am fully aware that some may dismiss what I’ve said here simply because I am a man. Ironically, doing so would undermine the very notion that gender is purely a social construct—an idea that suggests one’s perspective should not be limited or invalidated by biological sex. But regardless of where one stands on that issue, it’s clear that the question of what it means to be a woman is one of the most important and contentious topics of our time. Whether it’s considered a hot-button issue or not, it’s a conversation we need to have.

The concept of the Three Goddesses has brought a new level of clarity to my understanding of gender identity and the broader implications for society. The concern here is that in the rush to redefine gender, we may lose something vital about what it has traditionally meant to be a woman. By exploring the archetypes of the Maiden, the Mother, and the Matriarch, I’ve come to appreciate the richness and complexity of womanhood in a way that goes beyond simple social constructs. My hope is that this exploration opens the door for further respectful discussions about gender identity, femininity, and the roles women play in society.

This is not to say that we should treat trans persons with anything less than full respect and dignity. It’s essential to approach these discussions with empathy, especially when they touch on something as deeply personal as core identity. For many, their identity is built on the belief that gender is a social construct, and challenging that belief can feel like an attack on who they are. But if we can engage in these conversations with mutual respect and understanding, we might find a way to bridge the gap between differing viewpoints.

Ultimately, this is a complex and deeply personal issue, one that demands careful, empathetic dialogue. My goal is not to dismiss anyone’s experience but to encourage a broader discussion that includes a range of perspectives—especially those that acknowledge the biological and archetypal realities that have shaped our understanding of gender for millennia. Only through open, respectful conversation can we hope to navigate this challenging terrain in a way that honors the dignity and identity of all individuals.

End Note: About Mary Harrington

Mary Harrington, a prominent voice in contemporary feminist discourse, recently appeared on Dr. Jordan Peterson’s podcast episode titled “Reappropriating Feminism, Maternity, and the Woman’s Role.” In this conversation, Harrington delves into various aspects of feminism, including the historical contributions of women to civil society, the challenges posed by a male-dominated system, and the commodification of female sexuality. She also explores the significance of radical loyalty and solidarity between partners, as well as the two fundamental reproductive strategies.

Harrington is an editor for UnHerd and the author of Feminism Against Progress. She also runs a weekly Substack called “Reactionary Feminist.” Often labeled as a TERF (trans-exclusionary radical feminist), Harrington’s feminism is deeply rooted in the belief in embodiment and the realities of biological sex. She is critical of the ways in which modern feminism has, in her view, become detached from these physical realities, particularly in discussions surrounding gender identity and the impact of technology on women’s lives.

One of her key areas of focus is the intersection of feminism and transhumanism. Harrington argues that many contemporary feminist movements have unintentionally aligned themselves with transhumanist ideas, which she believes undermine the integrity of the human body, especially the female body. She raises concerns about how technology and societal trends might erode traditional understandings of gender and sex, making her a significant voice in the ongoing debates surrounding these issues.

Reflection

• How do you think the archetypes of the Maiden, Mother, and Matriarch apply to modern life, and do you identify with any of these roles?
• Do you agree with the idea that gender roles are rooted in biological realities, or do you see them as purely social constructs?
• How can we foster respectful dialogue on gender identity issues without dismissing differing perspectives or experiences?
• What are your thoughts on the impact of technology and transhumanism on our understanding of gender and identity?
• How do you view the role of motherhood and matriarchy in contemporary feminism? Are these roles being adequately valued today?

References

• The Jordan Peterson podcast episode 466. Reappropriating Feminism, Maternity, and the Woman’s Role with Mary Harrington, Jul 25 2024
• In Mythology, what is the Triple Goddess? By Mary McMahon Updated: May 23, 2024
• The Triple Goddess: Maiden, Mother and Crone
• 8 Key Archetypes of the Hero’s Journey by Lewis / July 14, 2018 /
• 8 Hero’s Journey Archetypes Universally Used for a Protagonist by David Safford